大多数家长认为一些含糖饮料对孩子来说是健康的选择
“Although most parents know that soda is not good for children, many still believe that other sugary drinks are healthy options. The labeling and marketing for these products imply that they are nutritious, and these misperceptions may explain why so many parents buy them,” said Jennifer Harris, PhD, a study author and Director of Marketing Initiatives at the Rudd Center.
The study found that 96 percent of parents surveyed gave sugary drinks to their child in the month prior to the survey. Those who had given sugary drinks to their child provided them in an average of three different categories. Fruit drinks and regular soda were provided most often—by 77 percent and 62 percent of parents, respectively—followed by sports drinks, sweetened iced tea and flavored water.
Among parents of children ages 2 to 5, 80 percent provided fruit drinks, such as Capri Sun or Sunny D. Forty percent provided regular soda.
Parents who reported purchasing a given category of sugary drinks were significantly more likely to rate that category as healthy, compared to parents who did not purchase any drinks from that category. Nearly half of the parents surveyed rated flavored water as healthy, and more than a quarter considered fruit drinks and sports drinks to be healthy. African-American and Hispanic parents were more likely than white parents to rate some sugary drinks as healthy.
Many parents said nutritional claims appearing on packages (such as indications that items are “real” or “natural,” contained vitamin C or antioxidants, or were low in calories or sodium) are important factors in their purchasing decisions. These claims are most prevalent on packaging for sugary drinks in the categories that parents most often perceive as healthy: fruit drinks, sports drinks, and flavored waters.
Parents also were likely to rate the healthfulness of specific branded products more favorably than those products’ respective categories. For example, while only 30 percent of parents considered fruit drinks healthy, 43 percent rated Sunny D and 36 percent rated Capri Sun fruit drinks as healthy. Similarly, while fewer than half of parents believed flavored water was healthy, 56 percent of parents rated Vitamin Water as healthy.
“This study shows that public health efforts and messages urging reduced consumption of sugary drinks should focus on fruit drinks, sports drinks and flavored water, as well as soda,” said Marlene Schwartz, PhD, a study author and Director of the Rudd Center. “There also needs to be increased attention to ingredient claims on product packaging and other marketing tools that may mislead parents to believe that some sugary drinks are healthful options for their children.”
The most recent Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting added sugar to 10 percent of total calories. An expert advisory panel convened by Healthy Eating Research in 2013 advised in its Recommendations for Healthier Beverages that children ages 13 and under drink only water, low-fat and nonfat milk, and 100% juice, and that adolescents ages 14-18 drink only water, low-fat and nonfat milk, 100% juice, and other non-caffeinated, non-fortified beverages with no more than 40 calories per container.
Previous research has shown that children and teens consume more than twice the recommended amount of sugar, and that sugary drinks are the top source of added sugar in Americans’ diets.
The study, called “Parents’ beliefs about the healthfulness of sugary drink options: opportunities to address misperceptions,” surveyed an ethnically diverse, national sample of 982 parents, each with at least one 2- to 17-year-old child, in 2011.
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) funded the study. RWJF recently committed $500 million over the next 10 years to ensure that all children in the United States can grow up at a healthy weight, no matter who they are or where they live. One of the Foundation’s five strategic priorities is to eliminate the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among children 5 years old and younger.
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哈特福德口-根据康涅狄格大学食品政策与肥胖陆克文中心发表在《健康与健康》杂志上的一项新研究,尽管公共健康信息表明减少含糖饮料消费的重要性,但许多家长认为,一些添加糖量高的饮料——尤其是水果饮料、运动饮料和调味水——对孩子来说是健康的选择公共卫生营养。
虽然大多数家长都知道苏打水对孩子不好,但许多人仍然认为其他含糖饮料是健康的选择。这些产品的标签和营销暗示它们是有营养的,这些误解可能解释了为什么这么多父母购买它们,”拉德中心营销倡议主任兼研究作者詹妮弗哈里斯博士说。
研究发现,96%的受访父母在调查前一个月给孩子喝过含糖饮料。那些给孩子喝含糖饮料的父母平均提供了三种不同的饮料。水果饮料和普通苏打水是最常见的,分别占77%和62%,其次是运动饮料、加糖冰茶和调味水。
在2至5岁儿童的父母中,80%的人提供水果饮料,如Capri Sun或Sunny D. 40%的人提供普通苏打水。
与没有购买任何含糖饮料的父母相比,报告购买特定类别含糖饮料的父母更有可能认为该类别的饮料是健康的。近一半的受访父母认为调味水是健康的,超过四分之一的人认为水果饮料和运动饮料是健康的。非裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人的父母比白人父母更有可能认为一些含糖饮料是健康的。
许多家长表示,食品包装上的营养声明(比如产品是“真品”或“纯天然”,含有维生素C或抗氧化剂,或低热量或低钠)是影响他们购买决定的重要因素。这些说法在含糖饮料的包装上最为普遍,这些饮料是父母们通常认为是健康的:水果饮料、运动饮料和调味水。
父母们也更倾向于评价特定品牌产品的健康程度,而不是那些产品的各自类别。例如,只有30%的父母认为水果饮料是健康的,43%的父母认为Sunny D是健康的,36%的父母认为Capri Sun是健康的。同样,不到一半的父母认为调味水是健康的,56%的父母认为维生素水是健康的。
“这项研究表明,敦促减少含糖饮料消费的公共卫生努力和信息应该集中在水果饮料、运动饮料、调味水以及苏打水上,”研究作者兼拉德中心主任马琳·施瓦茨博士说。“我们还需要更多地关注产品包装和其他营销工具上的成分声明,这些声明可能会误导父母,让他们相信一些含糖饮料对孩子来说是健康的选择。”
最近的美国人膳食指南建议将添加糖限制在总热量的10%以内。2013年由健康饮食研究组织召集的一个专家顾问小组在其报告中提出建议健康饮料的建议13岁及以下的儿童只能喝水,低脂和脱脂牛奶,100%果汁,14-18岁的青少年只能喝水,低脂和脱脂牛奶,100%果汁,以及其他不含咖啡因的,非强化的饮料,每个容器不超过40卡路里。
先前的研究表明,儿童和青少年摄入的糖是推荐量的两倍多,而含糖饮料是美国人饮食中添加糖的主要来源。
这项名为“父母对选择含糖饮料是否健康的看法:纠正误解的机会”的研究于2011年在全国调查了982名不同种族的父母,每名父母至少有一个2至17岁的孩子。
罗伯特·伍德·约翰逊基金会(RWJF)资助了这项研究。RWJF最近承诺在今后10年提供5亿美元,以确保美国所有儿童,无论他们是谁或住在哪里,都能以健康的体重长大。基金会的五大战略重点之一是消除5岁及以下儿童对含糖饮料的消费。
关于康涅狄格大学拉德食品政策与肥胖中心
康涅狄格大学的拉德食品政策与肥胖中心是一个杰出的多学科政策研究中心,致力于改善世界饮食,预防肥胖和减轻体重耻辱感。路德中心通过开展研究和教育政策制定者和公众,在建立改变饮食和活动模式的广泛共识方面处于领先地位。欲了解更多信息,请访问www.uconnruddcenter.org或在Twitter上关注我们www.twitter.com/uconnruddcenter或者在Facebook上www.facebook.com/uconnruddcenter.
For more than 40 years the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation has worked to improve health and health care. We are striving to build a national Culture of Health that will enable all to live longer, healthier lives now and for generations to come. For more information, visit www.ottomotal.com. Follow the Foundation on Twitter at www.ottomotal.com/twitter or on Facebook at www.ottomotal.com/facebook.
" data-isabstract="false" class="cmp-text">关于罗伯特伍德约翰逊基金会
40多年来,罗伯特·伍德·约翰逊基金会一直致力于改善健康和医疗保健。我们正在努力建设一种全国卫生文化,使所有人现在和后代都能活得更长、更健康。欲了解更多信息,请访问www.ottomotal.com.在Twitter上关注基金会www.ottomotal.com/twitter或者在Facebook上www.ottomotal.com/facebook.
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